Galápagos Tortoises

Young captive Galápagos Tortoise, Geochelone elephantophus

The Galápagos Tortoises are the world's largest tortoises, and possibly one of the most endangered species. Of the estimated 15 subspecies since Darwin's first encounter, only 11 now remain. The main impact came from hunting between the 17th and 19th centuries. As a docile species with no predators, and an ability to go long without food or water, they became common sources of meat for sailors. These tortoises are now protected from hunting, but nonnative feral species pose equal threat to these tortoises and their eggs. Although still at high risk, the Ecuadorian government strictly regulates visits to the Galápagos National Park, and many facilities are trying to maintain a population either in captivity or for possibly future release.

Treats of apples and carrots, diet of grasses, cactus, leaves.

A commonly known characteristic of the Galápagos tortoises besides size is longevity. Turtles in general are a long-lived species with smaller turtles reaching an average of 50 years, and up to 80 years. The Galápagos tortoise easily reaches ages over 100, with current records showing one almost reaching 200 years. Due to the length of time, an exact average age is unavailable. The male of the larger subspecies can easily reach over 200 kg (450 lbs) and grow to just under 2 m (6 ft) in length. The shells are either classified as saddle-backed or dome-shaped. In areas with more ground vegetation, dome-shaped are common. In areas with less ground vegetation, the saddle-backed shape is common as it allows a higher neck extension. With more successful breeding programs such as at the Darwin Research Station, there is still a chance of saving some of these subspecies from extinction.